Lead-acid batteries or lithium batteries are better for elec
Lead-acid battery and lithium battery advantages and disadvantages:
Lead acid battery
1: gold bell cover iron cloth shirt (hard!) Lead-acid boss has been in line with his strong he strong, qingfengfushan. He heng ren he heng, bright moon as the principle of the river. Lead-acid batteries are well fed, so you can throw them away, tinker with them, and keep using them.
2: cabbage price (cheap!) It is because of this that the leader of lead has been able to dominate the battery society for many years. Cheap, in addition to cheap or cheap.
3: recycling and recasting (recyclable reverse repair) lead-acid batteries come with recyclable skills. After being used out, you can go to the electric car store to exchange the old for the new, and you can exchange a new set of batteries after making up the price difference to minimize the loss, which is a big benefit for users.
Now that we are done with it, let's take a look at the disadvantages of lead-acid battery: large volume and weight, limited battery capacity, short life, lead-acid battery is generally in deep charge and deep discharge 400 times or less, with memory, life of about two years.
The lithium battery
1: the hebrev light work (light weight, small size) since childhood light work into the lithium battery and the market with the same capacity of lead-acid battery compared, the volume of lithium battery is lead-acid battery volume 2/3, weight is about one-third of the weight of lead-acid battery. A lithium-ion battery of the same size has more capacity than a lead-acid battery, and the weight loss adds about 10% to the vehicle's range.
2: health durability (life expectancy) lithium battery is deep health, the average life of lithium battery is about 4 years, than the lead acid battery life is about 1.5 times higher, more than 500 times charge and discharge, the battery has no memory, strong earthquake resistance.
3: heir-passed qidong expelling method (overcharge resistance, good charge-discharge resistance) since childhood, the lithium battery can get through the odd eight pulse, so that under normal temperature, the lithium battery can be charged continuously for 48 hours without the battery expansion, leakage, rupture and other accidents, the capacity remains above 95%. And in the special charger, can be charged and discharged quickly.
Lithium battery has many advantages, but its disadvantages are more obvious.
Lithium batteries are expensive to make, with expensive equipment accounting for about 40% of production costs and about three times the price of lead-acid batteries. Moreover, lithium batteries are not recyclable, so they can only be thrown away if they are worn out, or they can be buried somewhere. After thousands of years, later generations will dig them out and find them as antiques.
The most important problem is the potential safety hazard of fire and explosion of lithium battery, especially in the case that consumers are cheated by unscrupulous dealers to buy inferior lithium battery without their knowledge. In the case of electric vehicle, this kind of sealing condition is not very good, and it is easy for moisture to lead to poor contact and other reasons to cause potential safety hazard. But now the technical performance of lithium battery is also improving, is also using high security materials, the existence of security risks may be just small trivial worries, perhaps not for a long time is the world of lithium battery also maybe.
After all electric vehicle lead-acid battery and lithium battery which is good? At this stage, it is up to demand to decide.
First, lithium batteries are better. Lithium batteries are more than three times higher than lead-acid batteries in terms of volume specific energy and weight specific energy. Lithium batteries are smaller and lighter. Long cycle life. The cycle life of lithium batteries used in electric vehicles is generally more than 800 cycles. Lithium batteries using lithium iron phosphate cathode materials can reach about 2000 cycles, which is 1.5-5 times higher than lead-acid batteries. This greatly reduces the use cost of lithium batteries, prolongs the service life and improves the convenience of use.
II. Comparison of Lithium Batteries and Lead-acid Batteries
1. Battery capacity
The capacity of lithium batteries is generally 8-10 A, and that of lead-acid batteries is about 20 A.
2. Driving kilometres
Similarly, 48V batteries, in full charge, lithium-ion batteries and lead-acid batteries can be used in electric vehicles for 30-40 kilometers, the speed mainly depends on the size of the motor used.
3. Durability
Lithium batteries have strong durability, slow consumption, charging and discharging more than 500 times, and no memory. Their general life is 4-5 years. Lead-acid batteries usually discharge less than 400 times in deep charging and deep discharging. They have memory and have a life of about two years. If maintenance-free lead-acid batteries are used, it should be noted that their water loss is small, and distilled water is generally not needed in use. As far as durability is concerned, lithium batteries have good vibration resistance, and the battery in fully charged state is safe and fixed. With a 4 mm amplitude and a frequency of 16.7 Hz, lithium batteries vibrate for 1 hour, without leakage, expansion and rupture of batteries, and open circuit voltage is normal; over charged, 25 degrees Celsius, fully charged batteries charge 0.1CA for 48 hours, without leakage, expansion and rupture of batteries, open circuit voltage is normal, capacity is normal. Maintenance rate is above 95%. Batteries with good resistance to high current and fully charged state discharge 2CA for 5 minutes or 10CA for 5 seconds. No conductive part fuses and no appearance distortion.
4. Price and warranty
At present, the mainstream batteries are 48 volts. If need to be replaced, lead-acid batteries are about 380-450 yuan (48V12AH-48V20AH) with a one-year warranty. Lithium batteries are relatively expensive, requiring about 1000 yuan (48V12AH), but their warranty period is 2 years.
5. Quality Assurance
At present, the mainstream batteries in the market are 48 volts, if need to be replaced, lead-acid batteries are about 450, with a one-year warranty; lithium batteries are relatively expensive, requiring about 1,000 yuan, but their warranty period is 2 years.
1. At present, the amount of lead-acid batteries in electric vehicle batteries on the market is still higher than that of lithium batteries. The reason is that the cost of lithium batteries is still relatively high. Therefore, in the design of existing "lithium tram" products, the capacity allocation of lithium batteries is often reduced to reduce the implementation cost of the whole vehicle, which makes the existing "lithium tram" products too single.
Lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries can not be simply judged as good or bad. They have their own advantages and disadvantages, and they are suitable for different demand groups. At present, most of the lithium-ion products on the market are "electric bicycles" and the range is not very long, but for example, four-wheeled electric vehicles, four-wheeled old people's electric bicycles, these relatively long-range electric bicycles are still suitable for the current situation of "lead-acid batteries".
2. Lithium ion mainly depends on the movement of lithium ion between positive and negative electrodes. In the process of charging and discharging, Li + is intercalated and deintercalated between two electrodes: Li + is detached from the positive electrode when charging battery, and the negative electrode is in lithium-rich state when electrolyte is inserted into the negative electrode; in the case of discharging, the opposite is true. Generally, lithium-containing materials are used as electrodes in batteries. At present, graphite is the most commonly used negative electrode. Compared with lead-acid batteries, lithium batteries have the advantages of light weight, large specific capacity and long cycle life. As an on-board power supply for elderly electric bicycles, lithium batteries are not only lightweight, portable and easy to charge, but also conducive to the "lightweight and simplified" design of vehicle products.
3. The electrodes of lead-acid batteries are mainly made of lead and its oxides, and the electrolyte is sulfuric acid solution. Lead dioxide is the main component of the positive electrode and lead is the main component of the negative electrode in the state of charging and lead sulfate is the main component of the positive and negative electrodes in the state of discharging.
Fourth, the two kinds of batteries are different except that they belong to energy storage devices. Lead-acid batteries are safer and cheaper, but their energy density is lower than that of lithium-ion batteries, so lead-acid batteries are larger. At present, the research of battery (energy storage) technology has not achieved breakthrough progress, that is, "low-cost, high-performance" batteries have not yet been put into commercial application, the existing lead-acid batteries and lithium batteries can be combined to transform and upgrade their excellent characteristics, as the main research topic in the current and future period. It is believed that this will have a clearer direction for the future development of electric bicycle for the elderly, even for the entire electric bicycle industry.
